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1 -also / too-
Nota d'usoAlso si pone prima del verbo, tranne nel caso di to be e dei verbi modali: He also speaks German, parla anche il tedesco; Did you also visit Dublin?, avete visitato anche Dublino?; Not only is he incompetent, he is also self-important, non soltanto è incompetente, ma anche presuntuoso.Too e as well (quest'ultimo non molto comune nell'inglese americano) sono più colloquiali di also e vengono generalmente posti alla fine della frase: He speaks German as well; Did you visit Dublin too?; Not only is he incompetent, he is self-important too. Too e as well sono molto più frequenti di also con gli imperativi e nelle risposte brevi: Help us as well!, aiutate anche noi!; «I am tired of his lies» «So am I (o più formale I am too, informale Me too)», «sono stufo delle sue bugie» «anch'io».Le frasi contenenti too e as well possono risultare ambigue: ad esempio, I like climbing too può voler dire 1) anche a me piace arrampicare oppure 2) mi piace anche arrampicare. In molti casi il contesto del discorso e, nel parlato, l'accento e l'intonazione sono sufficienti a eliminare l'ambiguità; tuttavia, se l'interpretazione corretta è la 1), nella lingua formale è possibile spostare too (ma non as well) subito dopo il soggetto: I, too, like climbing, anche a me piace arrampicare.
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